THE INFLUENCE OF TAX BURDEN, TUNNELLING INCENTIVE, AND EXCHANGE RATE ON TRANSFER PRICING

Ilham Hidayah Napitupulu; Pirma Sibarani; Reni Gultom

doi:10.29313/kajian_akuntansi.v25i2.4783

Authors

Ilham Hidayah Napitupulu Politeknik Negeri Medan
Pirma Sibarani Politeknik Negeri Medan
Reni Gultom Politeknik Negeri Medan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.29313/kajian_akuntansi.v25i2.4783

Keywords:

Exchange Rate, Tax Burden, Transfer Pricing, Tunneling Incentive

Abstract

This research aims to discover the influence of tax burden, tunneling incentives, and exchange rates on transfer pricing. Transfer pricing deviations can arise in companies that want high profits and avoid taxes in one way. An ownership structure influences the company's decision to carry out transfer pricing and transfer wealth to themselves or the majority shareholder. Companies also use exchange rates to profit by transferring funds into strong currencies. The research uses 37 samples, which are analyzed by multiple linear regression analysis through SPSS tools. The results show that the tax burden and exchange rate do not influence the company's decision to carry out transfer pricing. Meanwhile, tunneling incentives affect transfer pricing.

Keywords : Exchange Rate, Tax Burden, Transfer Pricing, Tunneling Incentive.

References

Abbas, D. S., & Eksandy, A. (2020). The effect of effective tax rate, tunneling incentive, and exchange rate on company decisions to transfer pricing: Food and consumption sub-sector companies listed on the Indonesia evidence. PalArch’s Journal of Archaeology of Egypt/ Egyptology, 17(7), 14430–14442. https://archives.palarch.nl/index.php/jae/article/view/5486

Agata, G., Putu Indrajaya Lembut, & Fitri Oktariani. (2021). Analisis Determinan Transfer Pricing pada Perusahaan Multinasional yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Jurnal Wahana Akuntansi, 16(1), 74–93. https://doi.org/10.21009/wahana.16.015

Agustina, N. A. (2019). Pengaruh Pajak, Multinasionalitas, Ukuran Perusahaan, Profitabilitas, dan Mekanisme Bonus Terhadap Keputusan Perusaha Seminar Nasional Mahasiswa, 0(April), 53–66.

Anggraeni, N., & Lutfillah, N. Q. (2019). Determinants of Transfer Pricing. Journal of Management and Business, 18(2), 1513–1525. https://doi.org/10.24123/jmb.v18i2.428

Apriani, N., Putri, T. E., & Umiyati, I. (2021). the Effect of Tax Avoidation, Exchange Rate, Profitability, Leverage, Tunneling Incentive and Intangible Assets on the Decision To Transfer Pricing. JASS (Journal of Accounting for Sustainable Society), 2(02), 14–27. https://doi.org/10.35310/jass.v2i02.672

Avri Rahman, W., & Cheisviyanny, C. (2020). Pengaruh Mekanisme Bonus, Exchange Rate, Intangible Assets, dan Kompensasi Rugi Fiskal Terhadap Keputusan Perusahaan Melakukan Transfer Pricing. Jurnal Eksplorasi Akuntansi, 2(3), 3125–3143. https://doi.org/10.24036/jea.v2i3.272

Ayshinta, P. J., Agustin, H., & Afriyenti, M. (2019). Pengaruh Tunneling Incentive, Mekanisme Bonus Dan Exchange Rate Terhadap Keputusan Perusahaan Melakukan Transfer Pricing. Jurnal Eksplorasi Akuntansi, 1(2), 572–588. https://doi.org/10.24036/jea.v1i2.96

Baiti, N., & Suryani, S. (2020). Pengaruh Effective Tax Rate, Tunneling Incentive, Exchange Rate Dan Mekanisme Bonus Pada Keputusan Transfer Pricing Perusahaan (Studi Empiris Pada Perusahaan Manufaktur yang terdaftar pada Bursa Efek Indonesia Periode 2015-2019). Jurnal Akuntansi Dan Keuangan, 9(2), 139. https://doi.org/10.36080/jak.v9i2.1419

Deden Tarmidi, Agustin Fadjarenie, & Lin Oktris. (2023). Corporate Tax Policy: Impact Tunnelling Incentive, Debt Covenant, And Transfer Pricing. Jurnal Akuntansi, 27(1), 157–175. https://doi.org/10.24912/ja.v27i1.1249

Devi, D. K., & Suryarini, T. (2020). The Effect of Tax Minimization and Exchange Rate on Transfer Pricing Decisions with Leverage as Moderating. Accounting Analysis Journal, 9(2), 110–115. https://doi.org/10.15294/aaj.v9i2.36469

Eldora, F., Syahdan, S. A., Ernawati, S., Tinggi, S., Ekonomi, I., & Banjarmasin, I. (2023). Determinan Yang Mempengaruhi Transfer Pricing Pada Perusahaan Manufaktur Sektor Industri Konsumsi Yang Terdaftar Di IDX. Journal of UKMC National Seminar on Accounting Proceeding, 2(1), 239–250.

Erawati, N., & Fidiana. (2023). Transfer Pricing Decision Based on Tax Expenses, Tunneling Incentives, Bonus and Audit Quality Fidiana Fidiana. Global Journal of Accounting , 9(1), 1–10.

Esa Agustin, & Hari Stiawan. (2022). Pengaruh Pajak, Mekanisme Bonus Dan Exchange Rate Terhadap Keputusan Untuk Melakukan Transfer Pricing. AKUA: Jurnal Akuntansi Dan Keuangan, 1(1), 39–46. https://doi.org/10.54259/akua.v1i1.254

Farkhah Elfa, E., Ismaya Hasanudin, A., & Lestari, T. L. (2022). Transfer Pricing Policy: The Role of Taxes, Incentive Tunneling and Bonus Mechanism. Journal of Applied Business, Taxation and Economics Research, 1(6), 553–565. https://doi.org/10.54408/jabter.v1i6.101

Herman, S., Abbas, D. S., & Hamdani. (2023). Pengaruh Tunneling Incentive, Bonus Mechanism, dan Debt Covenant Terhadap Transfer Pricing. Jurnal Riset Ilmu Akuntansi, 2(4), 76–87. https://doi.org/10.55606/akuntansi.v2i4.1269

Hidayat, W. W., Winarso, W., & Hendrawan, D. (2019). Pengaruh Pajak Dan Tunneling Incentive Terhadap keputusan Transfer Pricing Pada Perusahaan Pertambangan Yang Terdaftar Di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) Periode 2012-1017. Jurnal Ilmiah Akuntansi Dan Manajemen (JIAM), 15(1), 235–240.

Hikmatin, R., & Suryarini, T. (2019). Accounting Analysis Journal Transfer Pricing of Manufacturing Companies in Indonesia ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT. Accounting Analysis Journal, 8(3), 165–171. https://doi.org/10.15294/aaj.v8i3.27706

Indonesia, E. & Y. (2021). Kasus Fraud PT. Tiga Pilar Sejahtera (Masalah Fraud). Binus of University School of Accounting. https://accounting.binus.ac.id/2021/12/27/kasus-fraud-pt-tiga-pilar-sejahtera-masalah-fraud/

Iriani, S. F. (2021). Pengaruh Pajak Penghasilan, Tunneling Incentive, Debt Covenant dan Exchange Rate terhadap Keputusan Transfer Pricing pada Perusahaan Pertambangan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia Tahun 2017-2019. Jurnal Akuntansi STIE Muhammadiyah Palopo, 07(01), 7–16. https://journal.stiem.ac.id/index.php/jurakun/article/view/717

Jannah, V. M. (2023). Transfer Pricing Practices: Study in Manufacturing Companies in Indonesia. Jurnal Al-Iqtishad, 19(1), 133. https://doi.org/10.24014/jiq.v19i1.20811

Jayanti, A. D., & Kusumawati, E. (2023). Effect of Tax, Company Size, Bonus Mechanism, Foreign Ownership, and Tunneling Incentive on Transfer Pricing Decisions. International Journal of Latest Research in Humanities and Social Science (IJLRHSS), 06(02), 242–249. www.ijlrhss.com

Jensen, M. C & Meckling, W. H. (1976). Theory Of The Firm: Managerial Behavior, Agency Costs and Ownership Structure. Journal of Financial Economics 3, 3, 305–360.

Makenta Evan, D. (2017). Pengaruh Pajak Dan Kepemilikan Asing Terhadap Penerapan Transfer Pricing Pada Perusahaan Manufaktur Yang Terdaftar Di Bei Tahun 2013-2015. Jurnal EMBA: Jurnal Riset Ekonomi, Manajemen, Bisnis Dan Akuntansi, 5(2), 2666–2675. https://doi.org/10.35794/emba.v5i2.17105

Marfuah, M., & Azizah, A. P. N. (2014). Pengaruh pajak, tunneling incentive dan exchange rate pada keputusan transfer pricing perusahaan. Jurnal Akuntansi & Auditing Indonesia, 18(2), 156–165. https://doi.org/10.20885/jaai.vol18.iss2.art6

Mispiyanti. (2015). Pengaruh Pajak , Tunneling Incentive dan Mekanisme Bonus Terhadap Keputusan Transfer Pricing. Jurnal Akuntansi & Investasi, 16(1), 62–73.

Mulyani, H. S., Prihartini, E., & Sudirno, D. (2020). Analisis Keputusan Transfer Pricing Berdasarkan Pajak, Tunneling dan Exchange Rate. Jurnal Akuntansi Dan Pajak, 20(2). https://doi.org/10.29040/jap.v20i2.756

Murtanto, M., & Bonita, B. (2021). the Effect of Tax Expense, Bonus Mechanism, and Tunneling Incentive To Transfer Pricing Decision With Profitability As a Moderating Variable. Media Riset Akuntansi, Auditing & Informasi, 21(2), 293–308. https://doi.org/10.25105/mraai.v21i2.10404

Nafiati, D., Karina, A., & Digdowiseiso, K. (2023). The Effect Of Tax Burden, Exchange Rate And Tax Planning On Transfer Pricing Decisions Transfer Pricing Decision Pengaruh Beban Pajak, Exchange Rate Dan Perencanaan Pajak Terhadap Keputusan Melakukan Transfer Pricing. Management Studies and Entrepreneurship Journal, 4(6), 8662–8671. http://journal.yrpipku.com/index.php/msej

Napitupulu, I. H., Situngkir, A., & Arfani, C. (2020). Pengaruh Transfer Pricing Dan Profitabilitas Terhadap Tax Avoidance. Kajian Akuntansi, 21(2), 126–141.

Oktaviyanti, D., Widiastuti, N. P. E., & Wijaya, S. Y. (2021). Determinasi Transfer Pricing Pada Perusahaan Manufaktur Di Indonesia. Kompartemen : Jurnal Ilmiah Akuntansi, 19(1), 103. https://doi.org/10.30595/kompartemen.v19i1.11230

Prananda, R. ’Aisy, & Triyanto, D. N. (2020). Pengaruh Beban Pajak, Mekanisme Bonus, Exchange Rate, Dan Kepemilikan Asing Terhadap Indikasi Melakukan Transfer Pricing. Nominal: Barometer Riset Akuntansi Dan Manajemen, 9(2), 33–47. https://doi.org/10.21831/nominal.v9i2.30914

Purwanto, G. M., & Tumewu, J. (2018). Pengaruh Pajak, Tunneling Incentive Dan Mekanisme Bonus Pada Keputusan Transfer Pricing Perusahaan Manufaktur Yang Terdaftar Di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Equilibrium: Jurnal Ekonomi-Manajemen-Akuntansi, 14(1), 47. https://doi.org/10.30742/equilibrium.v14i1.412

Putri, D. A., Cahya Sagala, I., & Simanullang, Y. R. (2023). The Effect Of Taxes, Bonus Mechanism, Tunneling Incentives On The Indications Of Doing Transfer Pricing In Mining Companies Listed On The Indonesia Stock Exchange (2018-2021). Jurnal Ekonomi, 12(01), 2023. http://ejournal.seaninstitute.or.id/index.php/Ekonomi

Rahayu, T. T., Masitoh, E., & Wijayanti, A. (2020). The Effect of Tax Burden, Exchange Rate, Tunneling Incentive, Profitability and Leverage on Transfer Pricing Decisions. Jurnal Penelitian Ekonomi Dan Akuntansi (JPENSI), 5(1), 78–90. http://jurnalekonomi.unisla.ac.id/index.php/jpensi

Rifqiyati, R., Masripah, M., & Miftah, M. (2021). Pengaruh Pajak, Multinasionalitas, dan Tunneling Incentive terhadap Keputusan Transfer Pricing. Jurnal Akuntansi, Keuangan, Dan Manajemen, 2(3), 167–178. https://doi.org/10.35912/jakman.v2i3.214

Rosad, D. A., Nugraha, E., & Fajri, R. (2020). Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Keputusan Perusahaan Untuk Melakukan Transfer Pricing. Jurnal Akun Nabele, 2(2), 293–305.

Rosmawati, D., & Ginting, W. (2022). Pengaruh Effective Tax Rate, Bonus Mechanism, Debt To Equity Ratio, Dan Exchange Rate Terhadap Keputusan Transfer Pricing. Acman: Accounting and Management Journal, 2(1), 51–65. https://doi.org/10.55208/aj.v2i1.32

Saputra, W. S., Angela, C., & Agustin, C. (2020). Pengaruh Pajak, Exchange Rate Dan KepemilikanAsing Terhadap Transfer Pricing. Jurnal Manajemen Strategi Dan Aplikasi Bisnis, 3(2), 109–116. https://ejournal.imperiuminstitute.org/index.php/JMSAB

Sarifah, D. A., Probowulan, D., & Maharani, A. (2019). Dampak Effective Tax Rate (ETR), Tunneling Incentive (TNC), Indeks Trend Laba Bersih (ITRENDLB), dan Exchange Rate Pada Keputusan Transfer Pricing Perusahaan Manufaktur yang Listing Di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI). Jurnal Ilmiah Akuntansi Dan Humanika, 9(2), 215–228.

Satria, L. (2022). McDonald’s Bayar Denda Hingga 1,2 Miliar Euro Atas Kasus Pajak di Prancis. Republika Ekonomi. https://ekonomi.republika.co.id/berita/rdkwr1349/mcdonalds-bayar-denda-hingga-12-miliar-euro-atas-kasus-pajak-di-prancis#google_vignette

Sugiono. (2017). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, dan R&D. CV Alfabeta.

Wahyuni Harefa, D., Wibowo, A., & Diarsyad, M. (2023). The Impact of Exchange Rates and Tax Burden on Transfer Pricing : A Comparative Study Before and During COVID-19. https://doi.org/10.4108/eai.13-9-2023.2341163

Widiyah, E., Abbas, D. S., & Sarra, H. D. (2023). Pengaruh Income Tax , Tunneling Incentive , Bonus Mechanism Terhadap Transfer Pricing. SANTRI : Jurnal Ekonomi Dan Keuangan Islam, 1(6), 40–52.

Yumna, Z., Sumiati, A., & Susanti, S. (2021). Pengaruh Effective Tax Rate (ETR), Exchange Rate, dan Tunneling Incentive terhadap Transfer Pricing. Jurnal Bisnis, Manajemen, Dan Keuangan, 2(1), 132–149.