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Perancangan Fasilitas Kerja Ergonomis pada Stasiun Persiapan Menggunakan Analisis Virtual Environment Modelling

Authors

  • Ade Hilman Fajar Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Islam Bandung
  • Yanti Sri Rejeki Teknik Industri, Universitas Islam Bandung

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.29313/jrti.v1i2.413

Keywords:

Virtual Environment, Antropometri, Posture Evaluation Index (PEI)

Abstract

Abstract. Environmental aspects and work postures in the company need to be considered in the garment industry. This is because the garment industry still relies heavily on human labor, and the work is generally repetitive and monotonous. CV. X is a company that produces various kinds of clothing ranging from children's clothing to adults. The number of operator errors in grouping at the preparatory work station resulted in the company often not achieving its production targets. Error grouping can be caused by fatigue experienced by the operator due to work postures that are not yet ergonomic. The grouping work process is carried out with a bent sitting posture without a base with the position of the material not being neatly arranged. This posture is not natural so that it can cause musculoskeletal complaints. Complaints were identified using a Nordic Body Map (NBP) questionnaire and a Posture Evaluation Index (PEI) work risk assessment was carried out through the creation of a Virtual Environment Modeling. The results of the questionnaire showed complaints on the neck, wrists, lower back, buttocks, and thighs. The work risk is in the activity of grouping and transferring the results of grouping. The PEI value is obtained in the range of 2.6 – 3.01. This value is categorized as high because it is close to the maximum PEI value of 3.42. The design of the facility is a grouping table using the Anthropometric approach. PEI value after ergonomics facility modeling is obtained in the range of 1-1.6. These results indicate a reduction in the level of risk and increase operator comfort in doing work.

Abstrak. Aspek lingkungan serta postur kerja diperusahaan perlu diperhatikan pada industri garmen. Hal tersebut dikarenakan industri garmen masih banyak mengandalkan tenaga manusia, dan umumnya pekerjaan yang dilakukan repetitive dan monoton. CV. X merupakan perusahaan yang memproduksi berbagai macam pakaian dari mulai pakaian anak hingga dewasa. Banyaknya kesalahan operator dalam mengelompokkan pada stasiun kerja persiapan mengakibatkan perusahaan seringkali tidak mencapai target produksinya. Kesalahan pengelompokan dapat disebabkan oleh kelelahan yang dialami operator dikarenakan postur kerja yang belum ergonomis. Proses kerja pengelompokan dilakukan degan postur duduk membungkuk tanpa alas dengan posisi bahan yang belum tertata rapi. Postur tersebut tidak alamiah sehingga dapat  menyebabkan keluhan musculoskeletal. Dilakukan identifikasi keluhan  menggunakan kuesioner Nordic Body Map (NBP) dan penilaian risiko kerja Posture Evaluation Index (PEI) melalui pembuatan Virtual Environment Modelling. Hasil kuesioner menunjukkan keluhan pada leher, pergelangan tangan, punggung bawah, bokong, dan paha. Risiko kerja terdapat pada aktivitas pengelompokan dan pemindahan hasil pengelompokan. Diperoleh nilai PEI pada rentang 2,6 – 3,01. Nilai tersebut dikategorikan tinggi karena mendekati nilai maksimal PEI yaitu 3,42. Perancangan fasilitas berupa meja pengelompokan menggunakan pendekatan Antropometri. Nilai PEI setelah dilakukan pemodelan fasilitas ergonomis didapatkan pada rentang 1-1,6. Hasil tersebut menunjukkan adanya pengurangan tingkat risiko dan menambah kenyamanan operator dalam melakukan pekerjaan.

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Published

2021-12-23