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Karakteristik Pasien dengan Nodul Tiroid di Rumah Sakit Al-Ihsan Bandung

Authors

  • Yuyun Saputri Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Islam Bandung
  • Meta Maulida Damayanti Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Islam Bandung

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.29313/jrk.v1i2.438

Keywords:

Gambaran Histopatologi, Jenis Kelamin, Nodul Tiroid, Ukuran Nodul, Usia

Abstract

Abstract. Thyroid nodule is a disease that can be caused by various disorders. About 90% of thyroid nodules are benign and 10% are malignant. In Indonesian, statistical data for thyroid nodules are still limit. The porpose of this study was to collect the characteristics of patients with thyroid nodules at the Al-Ihsan Hospital Bandung. This study used a observational descriptive method using total sampling technique. Data were obtained through medical records for January 2018–December 2019 at Al-Ihsan Hospital and obtained 72 medical records that met the inclusion criteria. The results showed that the highest frequency based on age was found in the 40-49 years age group at 32%. The highest frequency based on gender was found in female patients by 90%. The highest frequency based on the size of thyroid nodules was found in the group >4 cm at 72%. The highest frequency based on histopathological features was found in adenomatoid goiter by 74%. The conclusions in this study indicate that the highest frequency of thyroid nodules occurs at the age of 40-49 years, women, thyroid nodule size >4 cm and adenomatoid goiter type. This happens because a person's immunity and body resistance decrease with age. In women, the risk of thyroid nodule disease can increase with the use of the hormone estrogen in oral contraceptives, in pregnancy and changes in the menstrual cycle.

Abstrak. Nodul tiroid merupakan kasus yang dapat disebabkan oleh berbagai jenis gangguan kelenjar tiroid dan masih sering ditemukan. Sekitar 90% nodul tiroid bersifat jinak dan 10% bersifat ganas. Di Indonesia data statistik mengenai nodul tiroid masih sangat kurang. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui karakteristik pasien dengan nodul. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif observasional dengan pendekatan potong lintang. Teknik pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah Total Sampling. Data didapatkan melalui rekam medis tahun 2018–2019 di Rumah Sakit Al-Ihsan Bandung dan didapatkan 72 rekam medis yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan frekuensi tertinggi berdasarkan usia terdapat pada kelompok usia 40-49 tahun sebesar 32%. Frekuensi tertinggi berdasarkan jenis kelamin terdapat pada pasien perempuan sebesar 90%. Frekuensi tertinggi berdasarkan ukuran nodul tiroid terdapat pada kelompok >4 cm sebesar 72%. Frekuensi tertinggi berdasarkan gambaran histopatologi terdapat pada adenomatoid goiter sebesar 74%. Simpulan pada penelitian ini menunjukkan frekuensi tertinggi terjadinya nodul tiroid terdapat pada usia 40-49 tahun, perempuan, ukuran nodul tiroid >4 cm dan jenis adenomatoid goiter. Hal ini terjadi karena imunitas dan daya tahan tubuh seseorang menjadi menurun seiring bertambahnya usia. Pada perempuan risiko penyakit nodul tiroid dapat meningkat dengan penggunaan hormon estrogen pada kontrasepsi oral, pada kehamilan serta perubahan siklus menstruasi.

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Published

2021-12-23