Makna Diri Jurnalis dalam Peliputan Bencana yang Membahayakan Keselamatan Jiwa

Abstract

Abstrak. Dalam situasi bencana, jurnalis dianggap mempertaruhkan keselamatannya karena harus melakukan peliputan di zone berbahaya. Penelitian ini mencoba memandang jurnalisme kebencanaan dalam perspektif jurnalis yang memaknai profesionalitasnya ketika melakukan peliputan bencana yang membahayakan keselamatannya. Maka penelitian ini melakukan pendekatan fenomenologis pada jurnalis yang memaknai diri dan profesinya ketika situasi bencana. Pengumpulan data primer dilakukan dengan melakukan wawancara kepada 30 jurnalis dan juga FGD kepada beberapa jurnalis sebagai informan yang memiliki pengalaman pernah melakukan peliputan di lokasi bencana. Penelitian melakukan analisis dengan mencoba menemukan pemaknaan jurnalis dalam meliput bencana secara holistik. Melalui analisis fenomenologis interpretatif (IPA), penelitian mencoba mengeksplorasi bagaimana jurnalis memahami profesinya ketika bencana. Hasil penelitian menghasilkan kategorisasi motif, pengalaman, dan makna jurnalis. Informan mengemukakan sejumlah motif, yakni advokasi dan profesionalitas. Kemudian adanya pengalaman keterancaman pada jurnalis. Pemaknaan diri jurnalis terhadap profesinya perlu didukung oleh regulasi yang dapat menjamin keselamatan jurnalis ketika peliputan di daerah bencana.

Abstract. In a disaster situation, journalists are considered to be risking their safety because they have to cover in a dangerous zone. This study tries to view journalism in a disaster situation from the perspective of journalists who interpret their professionalism when covering a disaster that endangers their safety. Therefore, this study uses a phenomenological approach to journalists who interpret themselves and their profession during a disaster situation. Primary data collection was conducted by interviewing 30 journalists and also FGDs with several journalists as informants who have experience covering disaster locations. The study conducted an analysis by trying to find the meaning of journalists in covering disasters holistically. Through interpretive phenomenological analysis (IPA), the study tried to explore how journalists understand their profession during a disaster. The results of the study produced a categorization of motives, experiences, and meanings of journalists. Informants put forward a number of motives, namely advocacy and professionalism. Then there is the experience of being threatened by journalists. The meaning of journalists' self-interpretation of their profession needs to be supported by regulations that can guarantee the safety of journalists when covering disaster areas