Analisis Ekonomi terhadap Pilihan Transportasi Antarkota di Pulau Jawa
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29313/jrieb.v4i2.5044Keywords:
Transportasi, Permintaan Transportasi, Kereta ApiAbstract
Abstrak. Penelitian ini menelusuri dampak faktor ekonomi dan non-ekonomi terhadap preferensi moda transportasi penumpang transportasi umum. Metode yang digunakan adalah tinjauan integratif dan ekonometrika QLDV (Qualitative Limited Dependent Variable) untuk mengevaluasi peluang pemilihan moda transportasi antarkota di Pulau Jawa. Data utama dikumpulkan melalui survei dengan cara random sampling, lalu dianalisis dengan regresi logistik multinomial untuk menjelaskan kaitan antara sifat ekonomi penumpang dan ciri-ciri transportasi dengan moda yang dipilih. Hasil analisis model multinomial logit menunjukkan bahwa pemilihan transportasi, seperti kereta api, bus, dan travel, dipengaruhi oleh faktor-faktor seperti tingkat pendapatan, harga tarif, dan durasi perjalanan. Hasil analisis mikroekonomi menunjukkan bahwa permintaan kereta api kurang responsif terhadap perubahan harga, sesuai dengan sifat monopoli yang dimiliki oleh PT. Kereta Api Indonesia (KAI). Di samping itu, naiknya pendapatan biasanya membuat penumpang lebih memilih kereta api daripada bus dan travel. Model ini dapat digunakan untuk mensimulasikan rekomendasi praktis dan merumuskan kebijakan transportasi.
Abstract. This study explores the impact of economic and non-economic factors on public transportation passenger mode preferences. The method used is an integrative review and econometric QLDV (Qualitative Limited Dependent Variable) to evaluate the opportunity for intercity transportation mode selection in Java Island. The main data were collected through a survey using random sampling, then analyzed using multinomial logistic regression to explain the relationship between passenger economic characteristics and transportation characteristics with the selected mode. The results of the multinomial logit model analysis show that the choice of transportation, such as trains, buses, and travel, is influenced by factors such as income level, fare price, and travel duration. The results of the microeconomic analysis show that train demand is less responsive to price changes, in accordance with the monopoly nature of PT. Kereta Api Indonesia (KAI). In addition, increasing income usually makes passengers prefer trains to buses and travel. This model can be used to simulate practical recommendations and formulate transportation policies.
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