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Pengaruh Tingkat Bunga, Inflasi, Ekspor, Impor, dan Utang Luar Negeri terhadap Nilai Tukar

Authors

  • Anggita Pramesti Prodi Ekonomi Pembangunan Fakultas Ilmu Ekonomi dan Bisnis Universitas Islam Bandung
  • Dewi Rahmi Prodi Ekonomi Pembangunan, Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis, Universitas Islam Bandung, Indonesia.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.29313/jrieb.v4i1.3701

Keywords:

nilai tukar, utang luar negeri, ECM

Abstract

Abstract. In this study, interest rates, inflation rates, exports and imports, and foreign debt were converted into exchange rates (USD/IDR) from Q1 2008 to Q3 2021 to understand the factors that influence exchange rate fluctuations. This research was conducted using linear time series regression analysis with the error correction mechanism (ECM) method. Research based on the F test shows that interest rates, inflation, exports and imports, and foreign debt influence the dollar exchange rate against the rupiah in the long and short term. Results based on the t test show that inflation and imports have no effect on the dollar exchange rate against the rupiah in the short term, interest rates depreciate the dollar exchange rate against the rupiah, and exports and foreign debt increase the rupiah exchange rate against the dollar. The t test results show that in the long term, interest rates, inflation and imports do not affect the dollar exchange rate against the rupiah, while exports increase the dollar exchange rate against the rupiah, and foreign debt depresses the dollar exchange rate against the rupiah. Therefore, the government needs to regulate monetary and fiscal policies, encourage exports, manage debt, and plan exchange rate risk management.

Abstrak. Dalam studi ini, tingkat suku bunga, tingkat inflasi, ekspor dan impor, dan utang luar negeri dikonversi ke dalam nilai tukar (USD/IDR) dari Q1 2008 hingga Q3 2021 untuk memahami faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi fluktuasi nilai tukar. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan analisis regresi linear time series dengan metode error Correction Mechanism (ECM). Penelitian berdasarkan uji F menunjukkan bahwa suku bunga, inflasi, ekspor dan impor, serta utang luar negeri mempengaruhi nilai tukar dolar terhadap rupiah dalam jangka panjang dan pendek. Hasil berdasarkan uji t menunjukkan bahwa inflasi dan impor tidak berpengaruh terhadap nilai tukar dolar terhadap rupiah dalam jangka pendek, suku bunga mendepresiasi nilai tukar dolar terhadap rupiah, dan ekspor dan utang luar negeri meningkatkan nilai tukar rupiah terhadap dolar. Hasil uji t menunjukkan bahwa dalam jangka panjang, suku bunga, inflasi, dan impor tidak mempengaruhi nilai tukar dolar terhadap rupiah, sedangkan ekspor meningkatkan nilai tukar dolar terhadap rupiah, dan utang luar negeri menekan nilai tukar dolar terhadap rupiah. Oleh karena itu, pemerintah perlu mengatur kebijakan moneter dan fiskal, mendorong ekspor, mengelola utang, dan merencanakan manajemen risiko nilai tukar.

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Published

2024-07-22