Evaluasi Penatalaksaan Penggunaan Obat Antihipertensi pada Pasien Preeklampsia di Instalasi Rawat Inap

Luthfika Khansha Luthfika Khansha; Umi Yuniarni

doi:10.29313/jrf.v3i1.3119

Authors

Luthfika Khansha Luthfika Khansha Farmasi, Universitas Islam Bandung
Umi Yuniarni Fakultas MIPA

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.29313/jrf.v3i1.3119

Keywords:

Preeklampsia, obat antihipertensi, evaluasi penatalaksanaan.

Abstract

Abstract. Preeclampsia is one of the main causes of maternal death in Indonesia. Preeclampsia is a clinical syndrome during pregnancy (after 20 weeks' gestation) characterized by increased blood pressure (≥160/110 mmHg) and proteinuria. This study aims to evaluate the suitability of the management of the use of antihypertensive drugs and other drugs for the treatment of preeclampsia patients in preeclampsia patients at the Hospital Inpatient Installation based on guidelines from the Indonesian Obstetrics and Gynecology Association (POGI) for the period January - December 2022. This study was a descriptive analysis. Observational. Data collection was carried out retrospectively using a purposive sampling technique by recording medical records that met the inclusion criteria. There were 71 medical records that met the inclusion criteria. Patient characteristics were dominated by 20-35 years old (66%), patients diagnosed with severe preeclampsia (62%), proteinuria level 3+ (46%) and gestational age in the third trimester (96%). Evaluation results show the use of antihypertensive drugs and other drugs for preeclampsia patients given is the use of a combination drug between nifedipine and methyldopa with a percentage of 55%, single nifedipine 28%, single methyldopa 6%, combination of MgSo4 + nifedipine + methyldopa 6%, MgSo4 + nifedipine + methyldopa + dexamethasone 4%, and use of nifedipine + amlodipine by 1%. Preeclampsia patients had 90% of the treatment results conforming with POGI guidelines (2016), according to an evaluation of the management of antihypertensive drugs.

Abstrak. Preeklampsia merupakan salah satu penyebab utama kematian ibu di lndonesia. Preeklampsia adalah sindrom klinis pada masa kehamilan (setelah kehamilan 20 minggu) yang ditandai dengan peningkatan tekanan darah (≥140/90 mmHg) dan proteinuria. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi kesesuaian penatalaksanaan penggunaan obat antihipertensi dan obat lain untuk penanganan pasien preeklampsia pada pasien preeklampsia di Instalasi Rawat Inap Rumah Sakit berdasarkan pedoman dari Perkumpulan Obsetri dan Ginekologi Indonesia (POGI) periode Januari - Desember 2022. Penelitian ini merupakan analisis secara deskriptif observasional. Pengambilan data dilakukan secara retrospektif dengan teknik purposive sampling dengan mencatat rekam medis yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Terdapat 71 rekam medis yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Karakteristik pasien didominasi berusia 20-35 tahun (66%), pasien dengan diagnosa preeklampsia berat (62%), kadar proteinuria 3+ (46%) serta usia kehamilan pada trimester III (96%). Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan penggunaan obat antihipertensi dan obat lain untuk pasien preeklampsia yang diberikan adalah penggunaan obat kombinasi antara nifedipine dan metildopa dengan persentase sebesar 55%, tunggal nifedipine 28%, tunggal metildopa 6%, kombinasi MgSo4 + nifedipine + metildopa 6%, MgSo4 + nifedipine + metildopa + dexametason 4%, dan penggunaan nifedipine + amlodipine sebesar 1%. Evaluasi penatalaksanaan penggunaan obat antihipertensi yang dilakukan pada pasien preeklampsia didapatkan hasil kesesuaian terapi dengan pedoman dari POGI (2016) sebesar 90%.

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