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Studi Literatur Aktivitas Antidiabetes pada Tiga Tanaman Suku Asteraceae Secara In Vivo

Authors

  • Shelsa Berliana Yudita Farmasi, Universitas Islam Bandung
  • Ratu Choesrina Farmasi, Universitas Islam Bandung

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.29313/jrf.v2i2.1479

Keywords:

Antidiabetes, Suku Asteraceae, Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni, Vernonia amygdalina Del, Cosmos caudatus Kunth

Abstract

Abstract. Diabetes Mellitus or often referred to as diabetes is a chronic disease that arises when the body is unable to produce enough insulin or cannot use insulin (insulin resistance) which is characterized by hyperglycemia. Plants originating from the Asteraceae tribe can be used as traditional medicine because they have components of bioactive compounds, such as sesquiterpenes, lactones, pentacyclic triterpenes, alkaloids, tannins, polyphenols, saponins, and sterols that can be used for medicinal purposes. The purpose of this study was to determine the activity and content of compounds as well as the mechanism of action as antidiabetic from the Asteraceae tribe. This study uses a systematic literature review method derived from 6 articles. The plant extracts used in this study consisted of 3 types of plants, namely Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni, Vernonia amygdalina Del, and Cosmos caudatus Kunth. Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni contains stevioside which regulates final blood glucose levels by increasing insulin secretion and sensitivity as well as its ability to regulate protein expression. Meanwhile, Vernonia amygdalina Del, and Cosmos caudatus Kunth contain flavonoid compounds, alkaloids, saponins, and tannins that play a role in reducing glucose levels. This content is able to regenerate damaged pancreatic cells and improve insulin receptor sensitivity.

Abstrak. Diabetes Melitus atau yang sering disebut dengan kencing manis yaitu suatu penyakit kronik yang timbul saat tubuh tidak mampu memproduksi insulin yang cukup atau tidak dapat menggunakan insulin (resistensi insulin) yang ditandai dengan terjadinya hiperglikemia. Tanaman yang berasal dari suku Asteraceae dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai obat tradisional karena memiliki komponen senyawa bioaktif, seperti seskuiterpen, lakton, triterpen pentasiklik, alkaloid, tanin, polifenol, saponin, dan sterol yang dapat digunakan untuk bahan pengobatan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui aktivitas, dan kandungan senyawa serta mekanisme kerja sebagai antidiabetes dari suku Asteraceae. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode systematic literature review yang berasal dari 6 artikel. Ekstrak yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari 3 jenis tanaman yaitu daun Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni, Vernonia amygdalina Del, dan Cosmos caudatus Kunth. Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni memiliki kandungan steviosida yang mengatur kadar glukosa darah akhir dengan meningkatkan sekresi dan sensitivitas insulin serta kemampuannya untuk mengatur ekspresi protein. Sedangkan untuk Vernonia amygdalina Del, dan Cosmos caudatus Kunth mengandung senyawa flavonoid, alkaloid, saponin, tannin yang berperan pada penurunan kadar glukosa. Kandungan ini yang mampu meregenerasi sel β pankreas yang rusak dan memperbaiki sensitivitas reseptor insulin.

References

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Published

2022-12-21